Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of severe enteritis worldwide. Identification of natural products against C. jejuni that inhibit early-stage host-pathogen interactions is a promising strategy, particularly by blocking bacterial adhesion to and invasion into the host cells. This should help to reduce the bacterial load in vector animals. From the seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum, an aqueous extract (fenugreek high molecular fraction) of high-molecular compounds (polysaccharides, proteins) was obtained. The polysaccharide was characterized as galactomannan (1,4-mannose backbone, substituted at O-6 with single galactose residues and galactose oligosaccharide chains). The protein part consisted of 50 kDa vicilin as the main compound. The fenugreek high molecular fraction did not influence proliferation of C. jejuni and viability of Caco-2 cells (1 – 1000 µg/mL). The fenugreek high molecular fraction reduced bacterial adhesion to Caco-2 significantly (500 – 1000 µg/mL), which was due to an interaction with the bacterial adhesin JlpA, preventing the interaction of this outer membrane protein to its ligand HSP90α (IC50 = 23.4 µg/mL). Bacterial invasion was reduced significantly. Both polysaccharides as well as vicilin contribute to the observed antiadhesive effect. As vicilin-like proteins are widely found in plants from the Fabaceae family, a vicilin-enriched protein preparation from Pisum sativum was investigated for antiadhesive activity. These findings suggest that fenugreek seeds or vicilin-rich plant extracts could be used to develop novel strategies to control C. jejuni infections in food-producing animals, ultimately helping to decrease the prevalence of campylobacteriosis in humans.

中文翻译：

---

来自葫芦巴种子 （Trigonella foenum-graecum） 的半乳甘露聚糖和虔马素通过 JlpA 损害空肠弯曲杆菌与肠道细胞的早期病原体-宿主相互作用

空肠弯曲杆菌是全世界严重肠炎的主要原因。鉴定抑制早期宿主-病原体相互作用的针对空肠梭菌的天然产物是一种很有前途的策略，特别是通过阻断细菌粘附和侵入宿主细胞。这应该有助于减少媒介动物的细菌负荷。从 Trigonella foenum-graecum 的种子中，获得了高分子化合物（多糖、蛋白质）的水提取物（胡芦巴高分子分数）。多糖被表征为半乳甘露聚糖 （1,4-甘露糖骨架，在 O-6 处被单个半乳糖残基和半乳糖寡糖链取代）。蛋白质部分由 50 kDa vicilin 作为主要化合物组成。胡芦巴高分子分数不影响空肠梭菌的增殖和 Caco-2 细胞的活力 （1 – 1000 μg/mL）。胡芦巴高分子分数显著降低了细菌对 Caco-2 的粘附 （500 – 1000 μg/mL），这是由于与细菌粘附素 JlpA 的相互作用，阻止了这种外膜蛋白与其配体 HSP90α 的相互作用 （IC50 = 23.4 μg/mL）。细菌侵袭明显减少。多糖和 vicilin 都有助于观察到的抗粘附效果。由于 vicilin 样蛋白广泛存在于豆科植物中，因此研究了来自 Pisum sativum 的富含 vicilin 的蛋白质制剂的抗粘附活性。这些发现表明，胡芦巴种子或富含 vicilin 的植物提取物可用于开发控制食用动物空肠梭菌感染的新策略，最终有助于降低人类弯曲杆菌病的患病率。